ASTM D6681-01

Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Engine Oils in a High Speed, Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine-Caterpillar 1P Test Procedure

STANDARD published on 10.6.2001

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The information about the standard:

Designation standards: ASTM D6681-01
Note: WITHDRAWN
Publication date standards: 10.6.2001
SKU: NS-36120
The number of pages: 96
Approximate weight : 319 g (0.70 lbs)
Country: American technical standard
Category: Technical standards ASTM

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Annotation of standard text ASTM D6681-01 :

Keywords:

caterpillar 1P test procedure, oil consumption, piston deposits, single cylinder oil test, ICS Number Code 75.100 (Lubricants, industrial oils and related products)

Additional information

1. Scope

1.1 This test method is required to evaluate the performance of engine oils intended to satisfy certain American Petroleum Institute (API) C service categories (included in Specification D 4485). It is performed in a laboratory using a standardized high-speed, single-cylinder diesel engine. Piston and ring groove deposit-forming tendency and oil consumption is measured. The piston, the rings, and the liner are also examined for distress and the rings for mobility.

1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.

1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Being an engine test method, this standard does have definite hazards that require safe practices (see Appendix X2 on Safety).

1.3 The following is the Table of Contents:

	Section
Scope	1
Referenced Documents	2
Terminology	3
Summary of Test Method	4
Significance and Use	5
Apparatus and Installation	6
Intake Air System	6.2.1
Exhaust System	6.2.2
Fuel System	6.2.3
Oil Consumption System	6.2.4
Engine Oil System	6.2.5
Oil Heating System	6.2.5.1
Oil Sample Valve	6.2.5.2
Engine Coolant System	6.2.6
Engine Instrumentation	6.2.7
Reagents and Materials	7
Oil Samples	8
Preparation of Apparatus	9
General Engine Assembly Practices	9.1
Complete Engine Inspection	9.2
Copper Components	9.3
Engine Lubricant System Flush	9.4
Engine Piston Cooling Jets	9.5
Engine Measurements and Inspections	9.6
Cylinder Head	9.7
Valve Guide Bushings	9.8
Fuel Injector	9.9
Piston and Rings	9.10
Cylinder Liner	9.11
Compression Ratio	9.12
Engine Timing	9.13
Engine Coolant System Cleaning Procedure	9.14
Calibration and Standardization	10
Test Cell Instrumentation	10.1
Instrumentation Standards	10.2
Coolant Flow	10.3
Re-calibration Requirements	10.4
Fuel Injectors	10.5
Air Flow	10.6
Intake Air Barrel	10.7
Fuel Filter	10.8
Oil Scale Flow Rates	10.9
Calibration of Test Stands	10.10
Extending Test Stand Calibration Period	10.11
Test Run Numbering	10.12
Humidity Calibration Requirements	10.13
Calibration of Piston Deposit Raters	10.14
Procedure	11
Engine Break-in Procedure	11.1
Cool-down Procedure	11.2
Warm-up Procedure	11.3
Shutdowns and Lost Time	11.4
Periodic Measurements	11.5
Engine Control Systems	11.6
Engine Coolant	11.6.1
Engine Fuel System	11.6.2
Engine Oil Temperature	11.6.3
Exhaust Pressure	11.6.4
Intake Air	11.6.5
Post-Test Procedures	11.7
Piston Ring Side Clearances	11.7.1
Piston Ratings	11.7.2
Referee Ratings	11.7.2.1
Ring End Gap Increase	11.7.3
Cylinder Liner Wear	11.7.4
Cylinder Liner Bore Polish	11.7.5
Photographs	11.7.6
Calculation and Interpretation of Results	12
Test Validity	12.1
Calculations	12.2
Quality Index	12.2.1
Oil Consumption	12.2.2
Report	13
Forms and Data Dictionary	13.1
Test Validity	13.2
Report Specifics	13.3
Precision and Bias	14
Precision	14.1
Bias	14.2
Keywords	15
Annexes
Engine and Parts Warranty	Annex A1
Instrument Locations, Measurements, and Calculations	Annex A2
Cooling System Arrangement	Annex A3
Intake Air Mass Flow Sensor Installation	Annex A4
Fuel System Design and Required Components	Annex A5
Oil System	Annex A6
Exhaust and Intake Barrel Piping	Annex A7
Humidity Probe Installation (Location)	Annex A8
Return Goods Authorization (Claim Form)	Annex A9
Engine Assembly Information	Annex A10
Flushing Instructions and Apparatus	Annex A11
Warm-up, Cool-down and Testing Conditions	Annex A12
Piston and Liner Rating Modifications	Annex A13
Additional Report Forms	Annex A14
Test Report Forms	Annex A15
Test Report Data Dictionary	Annex A16
Appendixes
Various Examples for Reference Purposes	Appendix X1
Safety	Appendix X2

2. Referenced Documents

D97-17b(2022)	Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products (Includes all amendments and changes 11/29/2022).
D130-26	Standard Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip Test
D86-23ae2	Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure (Includes all amendments and changes 11/4/2024).
D93-26	Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
D235-22	Standard Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits) (Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
D445-26	Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D482-25	Standard Test Method for Ash from Petroleum Products
D5185-26	Standard Test Method for Multielement Determination of Used and Unused Lubricating Oils and Base Oils by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES)
D5862-09	Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Engine Oils in Two-Stroke Cycle Turbo-Supercharged 6V92TA Diesel Engine (Withdrawn 2009)
D6202-02	Standard Test Method for Automotive Engine Oils on the Fuel Economy of Passenger Cars and Light-Duty Trucks in the Sequence VIA Spark Ignition Engine (Withdrawn 2009)
D6593-18e1	Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils for Inhibition of Deposit Formation in a Spark-Ignition Internal Combustion Engine Fueled with Gasoline and Operated Under Low-Temperature, Light-Duty Conditions (Includes all amendments and changes 6/22/2022).
D7422-25	Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in T-12 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Diesel Engine
API 1509
ASTM Deposit Rating Manual 20	(formerly CRC Manual 20) For Stock #TMCMNL20, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM International Customer Service at service@astm.org.
E29-22	Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
G40-25a	Standard Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion (Includes all amendments and changes 12/8/2025).
D664-24	Standard Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration
D4739-26	Standard Test Method for Base Number Determination by Potentiometric Hydrochloric Acid Titration
D3524-14(2020)	Standard Test Method for Diesel Fuel Diluent in Used Diesel Engine Oils by Gas Chromatography
D4175-24e2	Standard Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants (Includes all amendments and changes 6/9/2026).
D4052-22	Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
D4485-24	Standard Specification for Performance of Active API Service Category Engine Oils
D3227-24	Standard Test Method for (Thiol Mercaptan) Sulfur in Gasoline, Kerosine, Aviation Turbine, and Distillate Fuels (Potentiometric Method)
D2274-14(2019)	Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Distillate Fuel Oil (Accelerated Method)
D2425-23	Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Middle Distillates by Mass Spectrometry
D2500-23	Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels
D2622-26	Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
D2709-22	Standard Test Method for Water and Sediment in Middle Distillate Fuels by Centrifuge
D524-15(2025)e1	Standard Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of Petroleum Products (Includes all amendments and changes 8/11/2025).
D613-26	Standard Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel Oil
D1319-26	Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator Adsorption

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